The effect of a novel viscous polysaccharide with lifestyle changes on short-term weight loss and associated risk factors in overweight and obesity
Results: Weight, waist circumference, percentage of body fat, total cholesterol, fasting plasma LDL, fasting plasma glucose, 2-hour glucose tolerance test and fasting insulin levels were measured at the beginning of the study to establish as baseline.
After 14 weeks, all the above measurements were performed again to establish as results.At the end of the 14 weeks:
- All participants together lost on average 5.79 kg. Men lost 5.14 kg and women lost 8.3 kg
- Waist circumference of all participants together lost on average 12.07 cm. Men lost 11.43 cm and women lost 10.21 cm
- Percentage of body fat of all participants together lost on average 2.43%. Men lost 2.55% and women lost 1.97%
- 17 out of the 29 participants had a 19% reduction in total cholesterol
- 16 participants had a 25% reduction in fasting blood LDL (bad cholesterol).
- 20 participants had a 7% dropped in fasting blood glucose
- 21 participants had a 12% dropped in 2-hour glucose tolerance test
- 17 participants had a 27% reduction in fasting insulin levels
Glossary:2-hour Glucose ToleranceTest: A test to determine the body's ability to handle glucose or to determine if you have pre-diabetes. In the test, a person fasts overnight (at least 8 but not more than 16 hours). Then first, the fasting glucose is tested. After this test, the person receives 75 grams of glucose (100 grams for pregnant women). Usually, the glucose is in a sweet-tasting liquid that the person drinks.
In a person without diabetes, the glucose levels rise and then fall quickly. In someone with diabetes, glucose levels rise higher than normal and fail to come back down as fast. People with glucose levels between normal and diabetic have what is termed "impaired glucose tolerance" (IGT). People with IGT do not have diabetes.
BMI (Body Mass Index): A key index for relating a person's body weight to their height. The body mass index (BMI) is a person's weight in kilograms (kg) divided by their height in meters (m) squared. Overweight is defined as a BMI of 27.3 % or more for women and 27.8 % or more for men, according to the National Institutes of Health. Obesity is defined as a BMI of 30 and above, according to the NIH. (A BMI of 30 is about 30 pounds overweight.) Note, however, that some very muscular people may have a high BMI without undue health risks.
Clinical Observational: A type of study in which individuals are observed or certain outcomes are measured. No attempt is made to affect the outcome (for example, no treatment is given).
Fasting Glucose: A method for learning how much glucose (sugar) there is in a blood sample taken after an overnight fast. The fasting blood glucose test is commonly used in the detection of diabetes. The test is done in the morning before the person has eaten.
Fasting Insulin Levels: A test to measure the insulin levels after an overnight fast. A fasting serum insulin level of greater than the upper limit of normal for the assay used (approximately 60 pmol/L) is considered evidence of insulin resistance.
Fasting Plasma LDL: A test to measure the blood levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL)/ bad cholesterol after an overnight fast. High levels are associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease.
P-
values: The amount of evidence required to accept that an event is unlikely to have arisen by chance is known as the significance level or critical p-value. A p-value is a measure of how much evidence we have against the null hypothesis. The lower the p-value, the less likely the result is if the null hypothesis is true, and consequently the more "significant" the result is, in the sense of statistical significance
Significant Reductions/
Statistically Significant: Something is statistically significant if it is proven to be at least 95% accurate and unlikely to have occurred by chance.
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